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std::set_difference

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C++
 
Algorithm Bibliothek
Funktionen
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Functions
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Nicht-modifizierende Sequenz Operationen
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Non-modifying sequence operations
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Modifizierende Sequenz Operationen
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Modifying sequence operations
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Partitionierungsoperationen
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Partitioning operations
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Sortierung Operationen (auf sortierten Bereiche)
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Sorting operations (on sorted ranges)
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Binary Suchaktionen (auf sortierten Bereiche)
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Binary search operations (on sorted ranges)
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Set-Operationen (auf sortierten Bereiche)
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Set operations (on sorted ranges)
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Heap-Operationen
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Heap operations
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Minimum / Maximum Operationen
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Minimum/maximum operations
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Numerische Operationen
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Numeric operations
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C-Bibliothek
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C library
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definiert in Header <algorithm>
template< class InputIt1, class InputIt2, class OutputIt >

OutputIt set_difference( InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1,
                         InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2,

                         OutputIt d_first );
 (1)
template< class InputIt1, class InputIt2,

          class OutputIt, class Compare >
OutputIt set_difference( InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1,
                         InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2,

                         OutputIt d_first, Compare comp );
 (2)
Kopien die Elemente aus der sortierten Reihe [first1, last1) die nicht in der sortierten Bereich gefunden Suche [first2, last2) auf den Bereich beginnend bei d_first .
Original:
Copies the elements from the sorted range [first1, last1) which are not found in the sorted range [first2, last2) to the range beginning at d_first.
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Das resultierende Spektrum wird auch sortiert. Die erste Version rechnet sowohl Eingangsbereiche mit operator<, die zweite Version erwartet, dass sie mit dem angegebenen Vergleichsfunktion comp sortiert werden sortiert werden. Equivalent Elemente werden individuell behandelt , das heißt, wenn einige Element gefunden m Zeiten in [first1, last1) und n Zeiten in [first2, last2), wird sie genau d_first std::max(m-n, 0) Mal kopiert werden. Die resultierende Bandbreite nicht mit einer der Eingangs-Bereiche überlappen .
Original:
The resulting range is also sorted. The first version expects both input ranges to be sorted with operator<, the second version expects them to be sorted with the given comparison function comp. Equivalent elements are treated individually, that is, if some element is found m times in [first1, last1) and n times in [first2, last2), it will be copied to d_first exactly std::max(m-n, 0) times. The resulting range cannot overlap with either of the input ranges.
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Inhaltsverzeichnis

[Bearbeiten] Parameter

first1, last1 -
das Spektrum der Elemente zu untersuchen
Original:
the range of elements to examine
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first2, last2 -
der Bereich der Elemente für
Original:
the range of elements to search for
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comp - comparison function which returns ​true if the first argument is less than the second.

The signature of the comparison function should be equivalent to the following:

 bool cmp(const Type1 &a, const Type2 &b);

The signature does not need to have const &, but the function must not modify the objects passed to it.
The types Type1 and Type2 must be such that objects of types InputIt1 and InputIt2 can be dereferenced and then implicitly converted to Type1 and Type2 respectively. ​

Type requirements
-
InputIt1 must meet the requirements of InputIterator.
-
InputIt2 must meet the requirements of InputIterator.
-
OutputIt must meet the requirements of OutputIterator.

[Bearbeiten] Rückgabewert

Iterator über das Ende der konstruiert Bereich .
Original:
Iterator past the end of the constructed range.
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[Bearbeiten] Komplexität

Allenfalls 2·(N1+N2-1) Vergleiche, wo N1 = std::distance(first1, last1) und N2 = std::distance(first2, last2) .
Original:
At most 2·(N1+N2-1) comparisons, where N1 = std::distance(first1, last1) and N2 = std::distance(first2, last2).
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[Bearbeiten] Mögliche Implementierung

First version 
template<class InputIt1, class InputIt2, class OutputIt>
OutputIt set_difference(InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1,
                        InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2,
                        OutputIt d_first)
{
    while (first1 != last1) {
        if (first2 == last2) return std::copy(first1, last1, d_first);
 
        if (*first1 < *first2) {
            *d_first++ = *first1++;
        } else {
            if (! (*first2 < *first1)) {
                ++first1;
            }
            ++first2;
        }
    }
    return d_first;
}
Second version 
template<class InputIt1, class InputIt2,
         class OutputIt, class Compare>
OutputIt set_difference( InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1,
                         InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2,
                         OutputIt d_first, Compare comp)
{
    while (first1 != last1) {
        if (first2 == last2) return std::copy(first1, last1, d_first);
 
        if (comp(*first1, *first2)) {
            *d_first++ = *first1++;
        } else {
            if (!comp(*first2, *first1)) {
                ++first1;
            }
            ++first2;
        }
    }
    return d_first;
}

[Bearbeiten] Beispiel

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>
 
int main() {
    std::vector<int> v1 {1, 2, 5, 5, 5, 9};
    std::vector<int> v2 {2, 5, 7};
    std::vector<int> diff;
 
    std::set_difference(v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin(), v2.end(), 
                        std::inserter(diff, diff.begin()));
 
    for (auto i : v1) std::cout << i << ' ';
    std::cout << "minus ";
    for (auto i : v2) std::cout << i << ' ';
    std::cout << "is: ";
 
    for (auto i : diff) std::cout << i << ' ';
    std::cout << '\n';
}

Output: 

1 2 5 5 5 9 minus 2 5 7 is: 1 5 5 9

[Bearbeiten] Siehe auch
liefert true, wenn ein Satz ist eine Teilmenge des anderen
Original:
returns true if one set is a subset of another
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(Funktions-Template) [edit]
berechnet die symmetrische Differenz zwischen zwei Sätzen
Original:
computes the symmetric difference between two sets
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(Funktions-Template) [edit]
Von „https://de.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/algorithm/set_difference&oldid=26115“