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![Init EGL World(System) 1/2
Configuration
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const EGLint attribs[] = {
// Uset Open GL ES 2.0
EGL_RENDERABLE_TYPE,
EGL_OPENGL_ES2_BIT,
// Set Surface Type as Double Buffer
EGL_SURFACE_TYPE, EGL_WINDOW_BIT,
// Minimum Frame Size of Blue
EGL_BLUE_SIZE, 8,
// Minimum Frame Size of Green
EGL_GREEN_SIZE, 8,
// Minimum Frame Size of Red
EGL_RED_SIZE, 8,
// Size of Depth Buffer
EGL_DEPTH_SIZE, 16,
// Terminator
EGL_NONE
©SIProp Project, 2006-2008
};
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![Init EGL World(System) 2/2
Init & Create
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// Get EGL Display Connection
EGLDisplay display = eglGetDisplay(EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
// Init Display
eglInitialize(display, 0, 0);
// Choose Frame Buffer List
eglChooseConfig(display, attribs, &config, 1, &numConfigs);
// Get Frame Buffer Setting
eglGetConfigAttrib(display, config, EGL_NATIVE_VISUAL_ID, &format);
// Set Frame Buffer to NativeActivity
ANativeWindow_setBuffersGeometry(engine->app->window, 0, 0, format);
// Get Window Surface
surface = eglCreateWindowSurface(display, config, engine->app->window,
NULL);
// Get Rendering Context
const EGLint attrib_list[] = { EGL_CONTEXT_CLIENT_VERSION, 2,
EGL_NONE };
context = eglCreateContext(display, config, NULL, attrib_list);
// Attach Rendering Context to Window Surface
eglMakeCurrent(display, surface, surface, context);
©SIProp Project, 2006-2008
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![Setting of Programmable Shader
Write Shader Program using GLSL ES
Vertex Shader Source Code
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// Vertex Shader Program
static const char gVertexShader_cube[] =
"attribute vec4 Position;
n"
"attribute vec4 SourceColor;
n"
"varying vec4 DestinationColor;n"
"uniform mat4 Projection;
n"
"uniform mat4 Modelview;
n"
"void main() {n"
"
gl_Position = Projection * Modelview *
Position; n"
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"
DestinationColor = SourceColor; n"
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"}n";
©SIProp Project, 2006-2008
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![Setting of Programmable Shader
Fragment Shader Source Code
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// FragmentShader of Color
static const char gFragmentShader_cube[] =
"varying lowp vec4 DestinationColor; n"
"void main() {n"
"gl_FragColor = DestinationColor;n"
"}n";
©SIProp Project, 2006-2008
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![About GLSL: Built-in Value
Value Name
Type
Meaning
gl_Vertex
vec4
Vertex Coordinates
gl_Normal
vec3
Vertex Normal vector
gl_Color
Vec4
Vertex Color
gl_ModelViewMatrix
mat4
ModelView Matrix
gl_ProjectionMatrix
mat4
Projection Matrix
gl_FrontColor
Vec4
Front Color
gl_BackColor
Vec4
Back Color
gl_TextCoord[]
Vec4
Texture Coordinates
gl_Position
Vec4
Vertex Position
gl_FragColor
Vec4
Color Frag
gl_FlagDepth
float
Depth Frag
©SIProp Project, 2006-2008
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![Vertex of Cube
Draw Cube Polygon
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// Vertex List of Cube
const GLfloat cubeVertices[] = {
/*
x
y
-1.0,
-1.0,
1.0,
1.0,
-1.0,
1.0,
-1.0,
1.0,
1.0,
1.0,
1.0,
1.0,
-1.0,
-1.0,
-1.0,
1.0,
-1.0,
-1.0,
-1.0,
1.0,
-1.0,
1.0,
1.0,
-1.0,
};
z
*/
//0
//1
//2
//3
//4
//5
//6
//7
©SIProp Project, 2006-2008
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How to Use OpenGL/ES on Native Activity
The document provides a comprehensive guide on using OpenGL ES, the 3D graphics API for embedded systems, including different versions and functionalities. It covers essential topics such as polygon drawing, shader programming, transformations, lighting, and texture mapping. Additionally, it offers practical programming guidelines for setting up the environment and creating 3D models on Android using OpenGL ES.
How to Use OpenGL/ES on Native Activity
- 1. How to UseOpenGL/ES on Native Activity Noritsuna Imamura noritsuna@siprop.org ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 1
- 2. Agenda What’s OpenGL? Kind ofOpenGL Vertions Hello 3D World World Polygon Projection Lighting Texture Hands on Use OpenGL/ES 2.0 Shader Programming ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 2
- 3. What’s OpenGL? OpenGL is3D Graphic API. Made by SGI Since: 1992 Current Version: 4.4 Architecture: PIPE Line Process ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 3
- 4. What’s OpenGL/ES? OpenGL is3D Graphic API for Embedded. Subset from OpenGL Since: 2003 Current Version: 3.0 Android Version Android API Level OpenGL/ES 1.0(Apple Pie) 2.2(Froyo) 4.3(JerryBeans) 1 8 18 1.0, 1.1 2.0 3.0 ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 4
- 5. Bible of OpenGL/ES OpenGL/ES2.0 Programming Guide http://www.amazon.com/dp/0321502795/ OpenGL/ES 3.0 Programming Guide http://www.amazon.com/dp/0321933885/ ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 5
- 6. Function 1.0/1.1 2.0 3.0 Compatibility ー ー 2.0 Programmable Shader ー GLSL ES1.0 GLSL ES 3.0 Transform Feedback ー ー Supported Geometry glNormal glVertexPointer glNormalPointer glTexCordPointe glVertexAttribPoint er glVertexAttribPoint er Matrix glMatrixMode glLoadIdentity glPushMatrix ー ー Lighting glLight/glMaterial ー ー Fog glFog ー ー Alpha Test glAlphaFunc ー ー Point Stripe glTexEnv ー ー User Clip glClipPlane ー ー Logic Operation glLogicOp ー ー FrameBuffer Object Option Supported Supported Multi-Buffer ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 6
- 7. Hello 3D World!!! ©SIPropProject, 2006-2008 7
- 8. What’s 3D World? Frameof Reference World Model(Object) Coordinates Vertex Index Source Site: http://tech-sketch.jp/2011/10/3d1.html ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 8
- 9. How to DrawPolygon? TRIANGLE_STRIP Joint 2 Points TRIANGLES Draw each Triangle TRIANGLE_FAN Joint 2 Points, but MUST use 1st Point QUAD_STRIP Joint 2 Points QUAD Draw each Square POLYGON Draw as Polygon ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 9
- 10. How to Setin the World? After Making Model, Set it to the World Frame. Affine Transform ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 10
- 11. Where is yourViewpoint(Viewport)? Perspective Projection zNear Minimum Viewpoint of Z-Axis zFar Maximum Viewpoint of Z-Axis fovy Angle of view of Y-Axis aspect Width/height of RealWindow ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 11
- 12. Can you seethem? Z-Buffer ON => Draw by ZAxis OFF => Draw by Sort of Drawing Alpha Blending ON => Color is Blended with Back Model OFF => No See ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 12
- 13. There is Dark… PositionalLight Radiate in all directions Directional Light Parallel in all directions ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 13
- 14. Bad Surface… Put TextureImage to Model. UV-Mapping (U-horizontal, V-vertical) Set Relation Between Texture Pixel and Model Vertex. ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 14
- 15. How to Programing? UseFixed Function Pipeline in OpenGL/ES 1.1 glScale(x, y, z), glRotate(Angle, x_moment, y_moment, z_moment) glTranslate(x, y, z) ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 15
- 16. How to Programingin 2.0or3.0? Use Programmable Pipeline VertexShader FragmentShader ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 16
- 17. Function 1.0/1.1 2.0 3.0 Compatibility ー ー 2.0 Programmable Shader ー GLSL ES1.0 GLSL ES 3.0 Transform Feedback ー ー Supported Geometry glNormal glVertexPointer glNormalPointer glTexCordPointe glVertexAttribPoint er glVertexAttribPoint er Matrix glMatrixMode glLoadIdentity glPushMatrix ー ー Lighting glLight/glMaterial ー ー Fog glFog ー ー Alpha Test glAlphaFunc ー ー Point Stripe glTexEnv ー ー User Clip glClipPlane ー ー Logic Operation glLogicOp ー ー FrameBuffer Object Option Supported Supported Multi-Buffer ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 17
- 18. What’s Programmable Shader? Shader(Renderer)that use GLSL (OpenGL Shading Language). Vertex Shader Convert Model Information to World Frame Geometry Shader (Primitive Shader) Convert Primitive Data Pixel Shader (Fragment Shader) Effect to Each Pixels Ex. Fogging, Shadowing, … ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 18
- 19. Hello 3D ProgrammingWorld!!! ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 19
- 20. Today’s Target ©SIProp Project,2006-2008 20
- 21. Naming Rule ofFunctions glXXX yyXXXf OpenGL Func eglXXX float yyXXXd OpenGL/ES Func gluXXX double yyXXXi GUI Tools of Func int AGL, GLX, WGL glutXXX GLUT Func GLUT is GUI Tools of 3rd Party yyXXX2d 2D of Double yyXXX3d 3D of Double ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 21
- 22. Setting Files AndroidManifest.xml 1. <uses-feature android:glEsVersion="0x00020000"/> jni/Android.mk 1. LOCAL_LDLIBS lEGL-lGLESv2 += -lm -llog -lc -ldl -lz -landroid - ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 22
- 23. Init EGL World(System)1/2 Configuration 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. const EGLint attribs[] = { // Uset Open GL ES 2.0 EGL_RENDERABLE_TYPE, EGL_OPENGL_ES2_BIT, // Set Surface Type as Double Buffer EGL_SURFACE_TYPE, EGL_WINDOW_BIT, // Minimum Frame Size of Blue EGL_BLUE_SIZE, 8, // Minimum Frame Size of Green EGL_GREEN_SIZE, 8, // Minimum Frame Size of Red EGL_RED_SIZE, 8, // Size of Depth Buffer EGL_DEPTH_SIZE, 16, // Terminator EGL_NONE ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 }; 23
- 24. Init EGL World(System)2/2 Init & Create 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. // Get EGL Display Connection EGLDisplay display = eglGetDisplay(EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY); // Init Display eglInitialize(display, 0, 0); // Choose Frame Buffer List eglChooseConfig(display, attribs, &config, 1, &numConfigs); // Get Frame Buffer Setting eglGetConfigAttrib(display, config, EGL_NATIVE_VISUAL_ID, &format); // Set Frame Buffer to NativeActivity ANativeWindow_setBuffersGeometry(engine->app->window, 0, 0, format); // Get Window Surface surface = eglCreateWindowSurface(display, config, engine->app->window, NULL); // Get Rendering Context const EGLint attrib_list[] = { EGL_CONTEXT_CLIENT_VERSION, 2, EGL_NONE }; context = eglCreateContext(display, config, NULL, attrib_list); // Attach Rendering Context to Window Surface eglMakeCurrent(display, surface, surface, context); ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 24
- 25. Init Cube Data CreateProgrammable Shader! glMyModel.cpp -> initCube() 1. 2. // Create Shader Program glProgram_Cube = createProgram(gVertexShader_cube, gFragmentShader_cube); 3. // Bind Vertex to "Position" in VertexShader Program glBindAttribLocation(glProgram_Cube, ATTRIB_VERTEX, "Position"); // Bind Color to "SourceColor" in VertexShader Program glBindAttribLocation(glProgram_Cube, ATTRIB_COLOR, "SourceColor"); 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. // Set program glUseProgram(glProgram_Cube); ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 25
- 26. Setting of ProgrammableShader Write Shader Program using GLSL ES Vertex Shader Source Code 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. // Vertex Shader Program static const char gVertexShader_cube[] = "attribute vec4 Position; n" "attribute vec4 SourceColor; n" "varying vec4 DestinationColor;n" "uniform mat4 Projection; n" "uniform mat4 Modelview; n" "void main() {n" " gl_Position = Projection * Modelview * Position; n" 10. " DestinationColor = SourceColor; n" 11. "}n"; ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 26
- 27. Setting of ProgrammableShader Fragment Shader Source Code 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. // FragmentShader of Color static const char gFragmentShader_cube[] = "varying lowp vec4 DestinationColor; n" "void main() {n" "gl_FragColor = DestinationColor;n" "}n"; ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 27
- 28. About GLSL: Type Type Meaning void Samein C Lang bool Same in C++ Lang int Same in C Lang float Same in C Lang vecX Vector Type bvecX Logical Vector Type ivecX Int Vector Type matX Matrix Type samplerXD Handler of Texture sampleCube Handler of Cubic Texture samplerXDShadow Handler of Depth Texture http://www.opengl.org/registry/doc/GLSLangSpec.4.20.8.clean.pdf ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 28
- 29. About GLSL: Value Value Meaning const Samein C Lang uniform Global Value in(Varying) Input Value out(Varying) Output Value inout(Varying) Input/Output Value ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 29
- 30. About GLSL: Built-inFunction Function Name Meaning radians() degrees to radians degrees() radians to degrees sin() Sine cos() Cosine tan() Tangent texture() Set Texture texture3D() Set 3D Texture imageLoad() Load Image File imageStore() Store Image File ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 30
- 31. About GLSL: Built-inValue Value Name Type Meaning gl_Vertex vec4 Vertex Coordinates gl_Normal vec3 Vertex Normal vector gl_Color Vec4 Vertex Color gl_ModelViewMatrix mat4 ModelView Matrix gl_ProjectionMatrix mat4 Projection Matrix gl_FrontColor Vec4 Front Color gl_BackColor Vec4 Back Color gl_TextCoord[] Vec4 Texture Coordinates gl_Position Vec4 Vertex Position gl_FragColor Vec4 Color Frag gl_FlagDepth float Depth Frag ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 31
- 32. Check createProgram() Func glPGShaderTools.cpp NOTbuilt-in Function. Everyone write same way. 1. GLuint createProgram(const char* pVertexSource, const char* pFragmentSource) { 2. GLuint vertexShader = loadShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER, pVertexSource); if (!vertexShader) return 0; 3. 4. 5. GLuint pixelShader = loadShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, pFragmentSource); 6. ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 32
- 33. Set Projection glPGShaderTools.cpp ->prepareFrame() getPerspective() is NOT built-in… 1. 2. 3. GLint projectionUniform = glGetUniformLocation(glProgram, "Projection"); mat4 projectionMatrix = getPerspective(45, (float) width / height, 0.5f, 500); glUniformMatrix4fv(projectionUniform, 1, 0, projectionMatrix.Pointer()); OpenGL/ES Version… All Built-in… 1. 2. 3. glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTON); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(45, (float)width / height, 0.5f, 500); ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 33
- 34. Where is yourViewpoint(Viewport)? Perspective Projection zNear Minimum Viewpoint of Z-Axis zFar Maximum Viewpoint of Z-Axis fovy Angle of view of Y-Axis aspect Width/height of RealWindow ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 34
- 35. Draw Cube! 1/2 glMyModels.cpp-> drawCube() Check Matrix.hpp & Vertex.hpp They have “Affine Transform” Code… Affine Transform Built-in Func is in OpenGL/ES 1.1… 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. // Pose for Cube mat4 rotationX = mat4::RotateX(engine->angleX); mat4 rotationY = mat4::RotateY(engine->angleY); mat4 rotationZ = mat4::RotateZ(engine->angleZ); mat4 scale = mat4::Scale(1.0); mat4 translation = mat4::Translate(0, 0, -10); mat4 modelviewMatrix = scale * rotationX * rotationY * rotationZ *translation; 8. 9. // Set pose int modelviewUniform = glGetUniformLocation(glProgram_Cube, "Modelview"); glUniformMatrix4fv(modelviewUniform, 1, 0, modelviewMatrix.Pointer()); 10. ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 35
- 36. Draw Cube! 2/2 DrawCube Polygon 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. // Set Vertex Array glVertexAttribPointer(ATTRIB_VERTEX, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, cubeVertices); // Set Color Array glVertexAttribPointer(ATTRIB_COLOR, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, cubeColors); //Enabled glEnableVertexAttribArray(ATTRIB_VERTEX); glEnableVertexAttribArray(ATTRIB_COLOR); // Draw glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 14, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, cubeIndices); ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 36
- 37. Vertex of Cube DrawCube Polygon 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. // Vertex List of Cube const GLfloat cubeVertices[] = { /* x y -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, }; z */ //0 //1 //2 //3 //4 //5 //6 //7 ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 37
- 38. How to DrawPolygon? TRIANGLE_STRIP Joint 2 Points TRIANGLES Draw each Triangle TRIANGLE_FAN Joint 2 Points, but MUST use 1st Point QUAD_STRIP Joint 2 Points QUAD Draw each Square POLYGON Draw as Polygon ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 38
- 39. Today’s Target ©SIProp Project,2006-2008 39