std::static_pointer_cast, std::dynamic_pointer_cast, std::const_pointer_cast, std::reinterpret_pointer_cast

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
 
struct Base 
{ 
    int a; 
    virtual void f() const { std::cout << "Soy Base\n";}
    virtual ~Base(){}
};
 
struct Derivada : Base
{
    void f() const override
    { std::cout << "Soy Derivada\n"; }
    ~Derivada(){}
};
 
int main(){
    auto basePtr = std::make_shared<Base>();
    std::cout << "Puntero a Base dice: ";
    basePtr->f();
 
    auto derivedPtr = std::make_shared<Derivada>();
    std::cout << "Puntero a Derivada dice: ";
    derivedPtr->f();
 
    // static_pointer_cast to go up class hierarchy
    basePtr = std::static_pointer_cast<Base>(derivedPtr);
    std::cout << "Base pointer to derived says: ";
    basePtr->f();
 
    // dynamic_pointer_cast para ir hacia abajo/a través de la jerarquía de clases
    auto downcastedPtr = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<Derivada>(basePtr);
    if(downcastedPtr)
    { 
        std::cout << "Puntero de conversión hacia abajo dice: ";
        downcastedPtr->f(); 
    }
 
    // Todos los punteros a Derivada comparten la posesión
    std::cout << "Punteros a la Derivada subyacente: " 
            << derivedPtr.use_count() 
            << "\n"; 
}