Kelly, L. C., Spencer, C. M., Keilholtz, B., McAllister, P., & Stith, S. M. (2022). Is separate the new equal? A meta‐analytic review of correlates of intimate partner violence victimization for Black and White women in the United States. Family Process, 61(4), 1473–1488. https://lnkd.in/gHA8_Zgi Abstract: Black women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) at higher rates than White women, and are more likely to experience more serious injuries, serious mental health diagnoses, or even death as consequences of IPV. Most research on factors associated with physical IPV does not primarily focus on Black women experiencing IPV. To be able to offer targeted intervention and prevention services, understanding unique correlates is critical. To address these discrepancies and better conceptualize factors associated with IPV for Black women, a meta‐analysis was conducted to examine correlates for male physical IPV perpetration/female IPV victimization among predominantly Black samples. Next, strengths of correlates for male IPV perpetration/female IPV victimization were compared between Black and White samples. From an original pool of 759 articles examining correlates for IPV perpetration and victimization, 21 articles were usable that had a sufficient percentage (at least 75%) of Black participants and 80 articles that had a sufficient percentage (at least 75%) of White participants. Five significant correlates for male perpetration and seven significant correlates for female victimization in predominantly Black samples were identified. Comparisons for male perpetration/female victimization between predominantly White and Black samples were conducted for nine correlates, and one‐third of these correlates (male emotional abuse perpetration, female post‐traumatic stress symptoms, and female alcohol use) were significantly stronger correlates in Black populations compared to White populations. Research and clinical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
It might look that way ....on pics along with a Hobesian choice.However its the children ...years later, now become the adults and the mother, now in second childhood....who will face the doctors' bills generated by mother's endless health complications manifesting in back, leg, hip and neck aches.. .years of abuse manifesting in old age.
African women are truly strong but I believe that Black American women are the strongest women in the diaspora and on earth. Who is the strongest is a subjective assessment based upon each of our personal experiences and beliefs. And, I love you all! Africa has a population of about 1.5 billion. Black America has a population of 50 million souls. Despite all that we have suffered and continue to suffer from chattel slavery, Jim Crow, education, health and housing discrimination, our annual GDP equivalent spending power is $150B. The only African countries with larger economies are Egypt, South Africa, Algeria, Nigeria and Morocco. We are larger than all the rest. Think about that.
Yes we are this photo took me back to when I was growing up in the country side with my grandmother she was a very strong woman other women in the village carried a lot of heavy loads on their head and balanced it well this was very normal back then in the Caribbean in the country side areas.
Shalom!”Clearly!!!!”🎯🏆🖤⭐️⏰Thx.You!!!!!!! Negus Rudison~Imhotep,Ph.D.⭐️ YAHUAH BLESS!!
🤣😂😭it's exaggeration.
Can't deny the strength.
Must be loaded with feathers!🤣
A few cervical disc replacements are in this woman’s future…. GoodThoughts, Frank
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A Multicultural Brand!…•9K followers
9moShalom!”WOW!!!”“Happy Sabbath Day!!! 👑🔯🖤”This Is Pretty… Impressive!!! Note!!! Also, African Women Are Known??? For Their Brilliance!!!! & Beauty!!!! & Cultural…Legacy!!! 🎯🏆🖤⭐️⏰Thx.You!!!!!!!! My Afro.cultural….. Family!!!! God!/YAHUAH BLESS…YOU!!!🎯🌅🏆🎁👑🔯🕎🖤