Just read that liquor sales are dropping as disposable income tightens and inflation bites.
Carlsberg Group’s core beer brands now account for less than half of sales, with 49% coming from non-alcoholic beer and soft drinks. Demand for scotch, cognac, and tequila is in historic decline. 5 of the world’s largest alcohol producers are sitting on $22B of ageing spirits - the highest in over 10y. For Rémy Cointreau, €1.8B of maturing inventory is almost 2x its annual revenues and close to its mkt cap
This is a consumer demand story, expressed through capital misallocation and driven by water.
Spirits are not simple bevs. They are long-duration, water-intensive assets. From grain + sugar cultivation to fermentation, distillation, barrel ageing, climate-controlled storage, and evap losses, every 🍾 represents years of embedded water and capital. Once a cask is filled, the water, energy and capital are locked. And what remains on balance sheets today is stranded water capital
The roots of this mispricing trace back to the pandemic. During COVID, at-home drinking surged and producers scaled prod across alcoholic beverages, mistaking a short-term spike for a lasting trend. Short-term demand became 5–20y water commitments
Now that demand has normalised, incomes have tightened, and inflation has reshaped spending priorities, those barrels remain. They sit in warehouses, slowly evaporating, carrying water from specific regions that no longer matches current market demand
Health trends are accelerating the shift, with Wegovy (Eli Lilly and Company) and Ozempic (Novo Nordisk) reshaping consumption. Geopolitical risk has added further strain, with China imposing a 34.9% duty on European cognac amid trade tensions with the EU- exempting Pernod Ricard, LVMH, and Rémy only if they agreed to sell at minimum prices. Meanwhile, Diageo and Brown-Forman have already invested millions into expanding production capacity, increasing water demand, capex, and operating costs just as demand weakens. In the US, sales of Don Julio Tequila and Jameson Irish Whiskey continue to deteriorate
Carlsberg’s pivot toward non-alc beer and soft drinks reflects more than a lifestyle trend. These products require less water per unit, have shorter prod cycles, faster inventory turnover, and lower storage risk
Even without explicit water strategies, balance sheets are forcing a shift toward greater water efficiency
Demand destruction, inventory buildup, margin compression, and asset devaluation are all playing out in a sector whose core input is water. Alcohol is simply the most visible example of how long-cycle, water-heavy assets struggle to adapt to volatility in consumption, health trends, geopolitics, and climate risk
Caelra Capital supports decision-makers with water-capital intelligence, executive advisory, and proprietary valuation frameworks for water-exposed assets, infrastructure, and supply chains.
Access my water capital breakdown for beverages and GLP-1s here 🔽
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