Describing an action sequence, "ryokan"

[music playing] Konnichiwa. The te-forms for the u-verbs wee quite challenging, so let's go over them again. 'Utau', 'matsu', 'hairu' wa 'utatte', 'matte', 'haitte'. "-tte". 'Kaku' wa 'kaite'. "-ite" 'Hanasu' wa 'hanashite'. "-shite" 'Nomu', 'erabu', 'shinu' wa 'nonde', 'erande', 'shinde'. "-nde" Soshite 'isogu' wa 'isoide.' "-ide" But 'iku' is a little irregular. 'Iku' wa 'itte' desu. "-itte" Uuun. When I first started to teach Japanese, I heard one version from a senior teacher. It went something like this. "U, tsu, ru: tte mu, bu, nu: nde, ku: ite gu: ide (x3)" "Su: shite Iku: itte te-foomu." A few years later, a student who had previously learned Japanese at high school sang this version to me. It mostly has the same order, but it also includes 'kuru.' "U, tsu, ru: tte Mu, bu, nu: nde Ku: ite Gu: ide Su: shite Kuru: kite Suru: shite Iku: itte." Choose at least one and try singing until you remember the song. Back in Lesson 12, I briefly introduced how to say 'from Monday to Friday.' We used the particles 'kara' and 'made'. And the pattern went like this. That's how to say 'from' [something] 'to [something else. Many particles we have seen are monosyllabic, but these happen to have two syllables. 'Kara' is added to show the starting point which means 'from' and 'made' is used for the ending point 'to' or 'until'. 'Kara' and 'made' can be used for both space and time. For example ... 'kaisha' Let's say, "the train goes froms station to the airport." This station is: 'kono eki.' Thd for airport is: 'kuukou.' Can you say ... Every day is, 'mainichi,' and td a book is, 'hon o yomu.' You can also use 'kara' and 'ma' in questions such as ... Now the we reviewed the particle 'kara,' let's use it with a ver. In a previous lesson you saw 'k' as a conjunction meaning 'because' or 'therefore.' But in this lesson you will see' combined with the verb te form. In this form 'kara' does not men 'because,' instead verb + -te ka just means 'after doing somethi' Actually this -te form + kara iy similar to the use of the -te fm for combining verbs we used in a previous lesson without 'kara.' You can use whichever one for this instance, either verb + -ta or verb -te form alone. In both cases, the first action the -te form occurred before the main action that appears at the end of the sentence. '-Te kara' emphasizes the orderf occurrence more than when you use the verb '-te' form alone. Now let's compare another pair of similar sentences. First ... That might mean, 'I had the piz first and then had beer after eating.' Or I might have had bo pretty much at the same time and it really doesn't matter. Compare with this sentence ... In that sentence with '-te kara. If you want to describe simultas actions, use the -te form alone instead of -te kara. Now lets try the word, 'to dance' which is the u-verb 'odoru/odorimasu.' Here, it’s quite likely that sid dancing happened pretty much at the same time. So, when you want to be clear a the order of an action sequence, using ‘te kara’ may be a good i. Let’s make a sentence together ‘taking off your shoes.’ We will use ‘kutsu o nugu’. ‘Nu means ‘to take off’ or ‘to remo what you are wearing. Can you give the te-form for ‘n So how do you say, 'after removing the shoes?' And how would you say, ‘Please enter’? You can use ‘hairu’ in in the polite request form using ‘te-kudasai’. ‘Hairu’ is an u-verb, and for t polite form it becomes ‘hairima So the te-form of ‘hairu’ is ? So, if we combine, how would you say, ‘After taking off your please enter?' Now, in English, you can also re the order to say, ‘Please enter taking off your shoes’, but in , the first thing that happens iss what you say first. Let’s try another situation. Sue that someone is giving a ‘talk’ which is the noun ‘hanashi’. Yo already know the verb ‘hanasu’ which means ‘to speak.’ And suppose that someone wants o say, ‘Please ask questions afteg the talk.' Well, remember, unlike English,e begin with, ‘after hearing the ’ because the Japanese sentence starts with whichever actually happens first. ‘After hearing the talk uses thb ‘kiku’, so how do we turn ‘kiku te-form so we can use it in the ‘te kara’ pattern? 'kiite' Anyway, ‘after hearing the talk’ would be ... Now, the main clause is, ‘pleask questions’. The most common wor for ‘question’ is ‘shitsumon’, u don’t need a special word for ‘ Instead, like so many other nou Japanese, you can use ‘shitsumo together with the verb ‘suru’ te the verb phrase ‘to ask questio. 'shitsumon o suru' So, how would you change the phrase ‘shitsumon o suru’ into polite request? You can use ‘-te kudasai’. So, let’s combine the two clauso say: ‘Please ask questions aftr hearing the story/talk.’ In this dialogue, we will be fog the four friends who previously decided to visit Hakone for their vacation. First, they will be riding the s train from Shinjuku station in o to Hakone-Yumoto station. In the dialogue, you will hear word ‘ryokan’ which is a tradit Japanese style inn. Literally, ‘ryokan’ means ‘trav. The part ‘ryo’ represents ‘trav and this same ‘ryo’ also appear in the word ‘ryokou’ or ‘travel. People often go on ‘ryokou’ to We can use the English word ‘rirakkusu.’ Both ‘ryokou’ and ‘rirakkusu’ ce combined with ‘suru’ to form the verbs. Naomi, Alex, Becky, and Kenji ae on vacation. They are on an exps train headed for Hakone Yumoto. They have just sat down in their seats and started to enjoy the . Naomi offered Becky some chocolate by saying ‘ikaga desu which is a polite or formal varf ‘dou desu ka?’ Both ‘ikaga’ and mean ‘how’, ‘ikaga desu ka?’ is just more polite. In the next segment, you’ll hea the word ‘gaikoku’, literally, ‘outside country’, which refers to any place outside Japan. The four friends are now walking towards the traditional Japanesn they will be staying at. If you go visit Japan, you may o stay at a traditional inn at le Even if you don’t have to take r shoes when you go inside the eny of a new-style ryokan, 'kutsu o nuide kudaisai' before entering Japanese-style room. A traditional-style room will ty include 'tatami' mats on the fl, opaque sliding doors called 'fu and translucent sliding panels called 'shoji' made with rice p Probably no Western-style beds if you have chosen a more traditional room. Even the futon to use for beddi is neatly stored in the closet other side of the fusuma panel. In most cases, a staff member a the inn will come in while you e away at the dinner and prepare the futon bedding for you. In the room, you will also find a lightweight kimono, often made of cotton, called ‘yukata. This is traditionally used not s a bathrobe but also as somethin comfortable to wear around inside the ryokan. But you can’t take it home with There’s a table in the middle oe tatami room. You just sit on th pillows placed by the low table The tea set is either on the tar somewhere nearby, so brew some green tea and relax for a while before dinner. The dinner and breakfast are ofn included in the price, and thats why you have to pay per person rather than per room. A typical dinner for one person at a ryokn looks like this, which may incl some sashimi, tempura, a hot po dish, grilled fish, rice and sod some small desert. Let’s learn a simple character. a pictograph representing a 'rie field’. If you have seen a real field, you will know that the character is shaped like a rice. 'ta' The two most common ways to read this character is ‘ta’ and' which are often found in common Japanese names such as ‘Toyota’ 'Honda.' 'Honda-san' The next character is for power' or 'chikara,' based on the pictograph of a strong, bent arm or a plow. It's a simple two strokes and yu can just write it like you would write the katakana ka. 'chikara' Now let’s combine those two characters up and down. The one with strong arms or a plough in the rice field is a m! 'otoko' The stroke order for this charar is easy. First write the ‘rice and then finish with the ‘power. When talking about a man, we often use the more polite phras ‘otoko no hito’ rather than the plain ‘otoko’. ‘otoko no hito’ Now, since I’ve shown you the kanji for ‘man’, here’s ‘woman’ It’s a pictograph of a kneeling woman with either her breasts or her hands crossed together. 'onna' It’s just three strokes, a longe like the hirigana, 'ku,' then slightly curved on the second s, and the horizontal stroke pulls it all together. Just like ‘otoko no hito’ for a it’s more polite to call a woma ‘onna no hito’ instead of just . The kanji for ‘child’ is also just three strokes. 'ko' The kanji for 'child' is actualy three strokes, an angled stroke at the top, a single longer stre for the lower body, and a horizontal across to complete the character. This child character can be use with the ‘male’ or ‘female,’ whe the combination means ‘boy’ or 'otoko no ko' 'onna no ko' This for anyone who is not quite mature enough yet to be called ‘otoko no hito’ and ‘onna no hi. We can also combine the charact for ‘woman’ and ‘child,' puttin them side by side to make a new character. This kanji of woman caring for child represents something plea We use this character to write Notice that the ‘ki’ is written. But this same character can als be used to mean ‘good’ or ‘fine By the way, there are many other characters with this ‘wom radical that have something to with women, marriage and certain emotions.