From the course: 4G LTE: Architecture, Protocols, Call Flows, KPIs, Optimization, Performance Analysis

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Modulation techniques and their variants

Modulation techniques and their variants

From the course: 4G LTE: Architecture, Protocols, Call Flows, KPIs, Optimization, Performance Analysis

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Modulation techniques and their variants

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Let's now dive into another key concept, which is modulation. Think of it as a translator. We start with the baseband signal. This could be something like your voice or video stream. It exists at a lower frequency, which doesn't travel far over the ear. So in that case, we combine the baseband signal, which is like a voice, with the high frequency periodic wave known as the carrier signals and this process is termed as modulation. So why modulation is important? It helps in reducing the antenna size because lower frequencies require massive antennas, they need bigger antennas. But when we use higher carrier frequencies, the antenna size becomes manageable, often less than a meter. Modulation also lowers the interference because by encoding data into the amplitude, frequency or phase of the carrier, we make our signals cleaner and more robust. It also enables multiplexing. That means many user can share the same frequency range, which is crucial for handling thousands of devices in 5G.…

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