Jinna B.

Terraform In One Shot 🚀 Complete the Syllabus you need to become a DevOps Engineer: ✅ Core Concepts - Definition & History of Terraform - Current Trends & News in Terraform Development - Infrastructure as Code (IaC) – Why It Matters - Comparison with Other Tools - Terraform vs Ansible - Terraform vs CloudFormation - Setup on AWS EC2 & Local Machine ✅ Terraform HCL (HashiCorp Configuration Language) in Depth - Basic Syntax: Blocks, Arguments, Attributes - Types of Blocks - provider, resource, variable, output, module - Expressions & Functions - String Interpolation - Loops (for_each, count) - Conditional Expressions ✅ Terraform Workflow & Execution - Write-Plan-Apply Workflow - terraform init, terraform plan, terraform apply - Terraform Providers - What Are Providers? - AWS Provider Deep Dive ✅ Terraform CLI & Commands - Core Commands - init, plan, apply, destroy, refresh, validate, fmt - Advanced Commands - taint, import, graph, state Manipulation - Debugging Terraform Issues ✅ Terraform Variables & Expressions - Types of Variables - Input Variables (variable) - Output Variables (output) - Local Variables (locals) - Dynamic Configurations - Conditional Expressions - Dynamic Blocks (for_each, count) ✅ Terraform State Management & Backends - Role of State in Infrastructure Management - Secure State Management Best Practices - Remote State Backends - AWS S3 for Remote Storage - State Locking with DynamoDB ✅ Terraform Provisioners & User Data - Understanding Provisioners - file, local-exec, remote-exec - Use Cases for Provisioners - Using User Data with AWS EC2 ✅ Terraform Workspaces & Environment Management - What Are Workspaces - Managing Multiple Environments (Dev, Staging, Prod) - Creating & Switching Workspaces ✅ Terraform Modules – Reusability & Best Practices - What Are Modules - Using Prebuilt Modules from Terraform Registry - Creating Custom Modules - Module Structure, Best Practices, and Outputs ✅ Projects: - Introduction to EKS & Why It’s Important - Setting Up Networking for EKS - Creating VPC, Subnets & Route Tables - Configuring Security Groups & IAM Roles - Deploying the EKS Cluster - CI/CD with Terraform - Terraform with CI/CD Tools - Jenkins, GitHub Actions, GitLab CI - Terraform With Ansible (Multi-environment) Repost with the community and join me on the TrainWithShubham Channel https://lnkd.in/dX32f_X5

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90% of Freshers Skip This Kubernetes Beginner Roadmap — Don’t Be One of Them Why Kubernetes? Orchestrates Containers: Helps you run and manage containers across multiple machines without manual effort. Effortless Scaling: Automatically adjusts application capacity based on demand. High Availability: Keeps your services running even when individual components fail. Industry Essential: A key skill for DevOps, cloud, and system engineering careers. 1. Start With the Basics Before jumping into Kubernetes, ensure you understand: Containers: Especially Docker, since Kubernetes manages containerized apps. YAML: Almost all Kubernetes configs are written in YAML. 2. Learn Core Kubernetes Concepts Understand what Kubernetes is: a platform that automates deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. Key building blocks: Cluster: A group of machines controlled by Kubernetes. Node: A physical or virtual server inside the cluster. Pod: The smallest unit that can run your containers. Service: A stable network endpoint to access pods. Namespace: Logical separation within the cluster for resource isolation. 3. Install Kubernetes Locally or in the Cloud Local Setup Options: Minikube – Simple single-node cluster. Kind – Kubernetes running inside Docker. K3s – Lightweight distribution for low-resource systems. Cloud Services: GKE (Google) EKS (AWS) AKS (Azure) 4. Learn kubectl kubectl is the command-line tool used for interacting with Kubernetes. Common commands: kubectl get nodes – Show all nodes kubectl get pods – List pods kubectl describe pod <pod> – Pod details kubectl apply -f file.yaml – Apply configuration kubectl delete pod <pod> – Remove a pod 5. Understand Kubernetes Objects Pod: Runs one or more containers. Deployment: Ensures pods run as expected and supports rolling updates. Service: Exposes pods internally or externally. ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer ConfigMap & Secret: Store configuration and sensitive values. PersistentVolume & PersistentVolumeClaim: Handle permanent storage. 6. Practice Writing YAML Files apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: my-deployment spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app: my-app template: metadata: labels: app: my-app spec: containers: - name: my-container image: nginx ports: - containerPort: 80 7. Understand Kubernetes Networking Pod-to-pod communication works by default. Services provide stable access to pods. Ingress handles HTTP/HTTPS routing from outside the cluster. 8. Learn Scaling Mechanisms HPA (Horizontal Pod Autoscaler): Scales the number of pods. VPA (Vertical Pod Autoscaler): Adjusts CPU/memory per pod. Cluster Autoscaler: Adds/removes nodes automatically. Register for Free DevSecOps Course - https://lnkd.in/gxda7MeC Checkout the free course syllabus - https://lnkd.in/gxda7MeC Like and share this post with your community

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Want to ace your System Design interview? Start with these 8 core concepts. The ultimate guide - Struggling to connect all the dots in system design? This blueprint simplifies the big picture - from DNS to storage, all in one view. 1. DNS resolution Understand how domain names are resolved to IPs using top-level, root, and authoritative name servers. 2. Load balancing Use Round Robin, Least Connections, or Consistent Hashing to distribute traffic. Pair with an API Gateway for smarter routing. 3. Frontend + CDN + API gateway Handle high concurrency via WebSockets, HLS/RTMP, and edge servers with static/hybrid cache strategies. 4. Backend servers & Message queue Microservices run in clusters, handling API calls, writing to queues, or streaming live media via Kafka or RabbitMQ. 5. ID Generation & resource locking Use UUID, Snowflake, and Zookeeper to avoid duplicate writes and ensure event integrity in concurrent requests. 6. Storage: Databases, Object store, caches Choose between SQL/NoSQL, hot/cold storage, and memory caching with Redis. Add checksum & chunk metadata for uploads. 7. Media upload & processing Each uploaded chunk is dispatched, validated, compressed, and stored. Workers process and push to final storage/CDNs. 8. Fan-out Services Send updates to recommendation systems, notification engines, search, analytics, or payment systems with retries and dedup. 🔁 Save this as your System Design reference sheet and share with someone preparing for system design interviews! 👉 DM me for 1:1 mentorship program to successfully land interviews and your dream tech job. 🏆 Our coached candidates have successfully landed offers at Google, Amazon, AWS, Oracle, FedEx, AMEX, startups and more! Everyone Who Codes (EWC) has a simple mission: helping engineers get hired! 💼 Follow Lakshmi Marikumar for tech career & job search insights. #FAANG #techinterviewprep #FAANGMentors #mentorship #softwareengineer #softwaredeveloper #jobsearch #joboffer #hiring #careercoach #machinelearning #AI #systemdesign #roadmap #careerguidance #DSA #ML #tier2 #tier3 #mockinterview 

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Dear DevOps Engineers, If your infra supports 10 users → a single EC2 box and manual deploys will do If you’re handling 10M requests a day → you’d better be thinking load balancers, ASGs and rate limiting — If one team pushes code once a week → shell scripts and manual approvals might work If 20 engineers ship daily → invest in CI/CD, pipelines, rollback strategies and policy gates — If downtime breaks a low-traffic page → a status page and “we’re working on it” is fine If downtime nukes revenue flows → HA, health checks, circuit breakers and multi-AZs are mandatory — If you're consuming infra → basic terraform apply is enough If you're building platforms → modules, state backends, drift detection, and policy as code are your baseline — If all logs fit on your screen → grep and tail are fine If you support dozens of microservices → structured logs, traces, alerting, and dashboards are non-negotiable — If your infra fits in your head → docs are a nice-to-have If it spans regions and teams → diagrams, runbooks, onboarding guides, and chaos drills are survival — If only you touch prod → naming things poorly is annoying If a team maintains prod → bad names are costly traps with pager duty consequences — If you're debugging once a month → SSH works If you're on-call every week → automate, alert smart, and reduce your MTTR with observability — If it’s a sandbox → YOLO your infra, learn by doing If it’s production → version control, review gates, secrets management and audits are the floor — If it's a weekend hack → skip the Terraform, go fast If it's a regulated industry → compliance, encryption, logging, IAM boundaries and rollback are table stakes — People think DevOps is just about CI/CD and YAML. It’s really about: – Knowing when to automate vs. script – Removing friction without removing control – Creating systems where engineers can ship without fear The best DevOps engineers don’t just automate. They make the system safe for everyone else to move fast without breaking everything. #systemdesign #softwareengineering #devops

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𝗞𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘁𝗲𝘀 1.34: 𝗣𝗲𝗿 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗿𝘁 𝗽𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲 A long-standing limitation in Kubernetes has been removed. Restart behavior is no longer tied to the Pod level. With Kubernetes 1.34, each container can now have its own restart policy, and rules can be applied to specific exit codes. The new model is far more flexible: • 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘂𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆: Policies like Always, Never, or OnFailure can now be set per container. • 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹: Exit-code rules allow containers to retry recoverable failures while failing fast on critical errors. • 𝗘𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝘆: Restarts happen in place, cutting recovery from up to a minute down to seconds, while preserving volumes and networking. This matters in practice. A migration container can now run once and never restart. A machine learning job can retry GPU memory errors without being rescheduled. A microservice with logging and monitoring sidecars can give each one restart logic suited to its role. The feature is still in alpha and gated, but it is worth testing. It reduces complexity, improves reliability, and reflects the way modern workloads actually fail. I break down examples, exit-code design patterns, and migration guidance in the full write-up: https://lnkd.in/enXiUvjU #Kubernetes #CloudNative #DevOps #MLOps #PlatformEngineering

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𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻 𝗠𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲: 𝗢𝗻𝗲 𝗧𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝗥𝘂𝗹𝗲 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗺 𝗔𝗹𝗹. I've used this template to discuss many #systemdesign questions. ✨ 𝐕𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐨 𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧: https://lnkd.in/gg8_9Ta7 ✨ 𝗔𝗣𝗜 𝗚𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘄𝗮𝘆 An API Gateway (AG) is a server that acts as a single point of entry for a set of #microservices. AG receives client requests, forwards them to the appropriate microservice, and then returns the server's response to the client. AG is responsible for tasks such as routing, authentication, and rate limiting. 𝗖𝗗𝗡 A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a distributed network of servers that are deployed in multiple locations around the world. These servers are designed to deliver web content, such as images, videos, and other static files, to users based on their geographical location. The main purpose of a #cdn is to improve the performance and availability of web content by caching it on servers that are closer to the users who are requesting it. 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 In a database, 𝗵𝗼𝗿𝗶𝘇𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴, also known as sharding, involves dividing the rows of a table into smaller tables and storing them on different servers or database instances. This is done to distribute the load of a database across multiple servers and to improve performance. On the other hand, 𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 involves dividing the columns of a table into separate tables. This is done to reduce the number of columns in a table and to improve the performance of queries that only access a small number of columns. 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗯𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗺𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗮𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘀𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺𝘀 These are used to send messages between distributed components of a system. Examples include Apache #kafka and #rabbitmq. 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗯𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲 𝘀𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺𝘀 These are file systems that are designed to store and manage files across a group of servers. 𝗙𝘂𝗹𝗹-𝘁𝗲𝘅𝘁 𝘀𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵 Full-text search enables users to search for specific words or phrases within an app or website. When a user queries, the app or website returns the most relevant results. To do this quickly and efficiently, full-text search relies on an inverted index, which is a data structure that maps words or phrases to the documents in which they appear. ✅Take a look at 𝗚𝗿𝗼𝗸𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗲𝘄 for #systemdesign #interview questions - https://lnkd.in/g4Wii9r7 ✅For software architecture, take a look at 𝗚𝗿𝗼𝗸𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗱 𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗲𝘄 - https://lnkd.in/dyCRtiec

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🚨 FREE DevOps Interview Bible — 408 Questions Across All Core Domains! After tons of requests and feedback, I’m excited to drop this ultimate DevOps Interview Guide — packed with 408 real-world, scenario-based, and role-specific questions. 💡 Topics Covered: ✅ AWS DevOps (Basic to Expert Scenarios) ✅ Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) ✅ Kubernetes (Beginner to 7+ Years Level) ✅ Jenkins (CI/CD, Pipelines, Plugins, HA, Blue/Green, Jenkins X) ✅ Terraform (from IaC fundamentals to Sentinel, CDK & cost optimization) ✅ Ansible (Playbooks, Roles, Inventories, Advanced Patterns) ✅ Shell & Python (including production troubleshooting scripts & DevOps automation) Whether you’re: 🔍 Preparing for your first DevOps role 🚀 Upskilling for a promotion 💼 Or mentoring junior engineers… This document will sharpen your edge. 📌 Download it. Study it. Share it. And follow me for more free DevOps learning drops, cheat sheets, and project templates. 👉 Want breakdowns of Terraform, Jenkins, or Kubernetes sections in upcoming posts? Comment your topic below! #DevOps #AWS #Terraform #Ansible #Jenkins #SRE #Kubernetes #ShellScripting #PythonForDevOps #IaC #CI_CD #CloudComputing #TechCareers #DevOpsInterview #CloudEngineer #LinuxAdmin #DevOpsTools #KubernetesInterview #FollowMeForMore #TechResources #TechCommunity #JobSearch #FreeResources #InterviewReady #JenkinsPipeline #TerraformModules #LearnDevOps

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 𝙈𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙅𝙚𝙣𝙠𝙞𝙣𝙨: 𝙏𝙝𝙚 𝙐𝙡𝙩𝙞𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝘾𝙄/𝘾𝘿 𝙏𝙤𝙤𝙡 Jenkins is a powerful, open-source automation server used for Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Deployment (CD) in DevOps. It automates software development, testing, and deployment processes. 🔥 Why Jenkins? ✅ Open-source & highly customizable ✅ Supports 1000+ plugins ✅ Works with Docker, Kubernetes, AWS, GitHub, and more ✅ Automates builds, tests, and deployments 📌 Key Jenkins Concepts 1️⃣ Installation & Setup 🔹 Install Jenkins on Windows, Linux, macOS, Docker, or Kubernetes. 🔹 Use WAR file, Debian package, or Docker image to set up Jenkins. 2️⃣ Jenkins Pipeline – Automate Everything! Jenkins Pipelines define stages of the CI/CD process using code. 🔹 Declarative Pipeline (simpler, recommended) 🔹 Scripted Pipeline (more flexible, complex) 🔽 Example: Declarative Pipeline groovy CopyEdit pipeline { agent any stages { stage('Build') { steps { echo 'Building the application...' } } stage('Test') { steps { echo 'Running tests...' } } stage('Deploy') { steps { echo 'Deploying the application...' } } } } 3️⃣ Jenkinsfile – Store Pipelines as Code 📜 A Jenkinsfile is a script that defines a Jenkins Pipeline and is stored in a Git repository. ✅ Enables version control for CI/CD ✅ Supports collaboration ✅ Automates builds consistently 4️⃣ Jenkins Plugins – Supercharge Jenkins! 🔌 🔹 Git Plugin – Integrate GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket 🔹 Docker Plugin – Run builds inside Docker containers 🔹 Pipeline Plugin – Define pipelines as code 🔹 Blue Ocean – Modern UI for Jenkins 🔹 Slack Notification Plugin – Get alerts on builds 5️⃣ Jenkins + GitHub Integration 🚀 1️⃣ Install GitHub Plugin in Jenkins 2️⃣ Connect GitHub using a Personal Access Token (PAT) 3️⃣ Configure a webhook in GitHub to trigger builds automatically 6️⃣ Jenkins + Docker/Kubernetes 🐳 🔹 Run Jenkins inside Docker: bash CopyEdit docker run -p 8080:8080 -p 50000:50000 jenkins/jenkins:lts 🔹 Deploy Jenkins on Kubernetes using Helm: bash CopyEdit helm install jenkins jenkinsci/jenkins 7️⃣ Jenkins Best Practices 🏆 ✅ Use Pipeline as Code (Jenkinsfile) ✅ Keep plugins updated ✅ Secure Jenkins with RBAC, secrets, and HTTPS ✅ Use agents and distributed builds for scalability ✅ Integrate with Slack, Jira, and monitoring tools

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Manual policy checks in Kubernetes slow down platform teams🐌 Kyverno Policy as Code brings automation to K8s & reduces operational overhead. Join Sonali Srivastava, Kushal Agrawal, & Mohd Kamaal at #KubeCon to learn how it works👇 https://lnkd.in/gDb44zpm #KCIN25

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How does kube-proxy work in Kubernetes? kube-proxy runs on each node and routes traffic to the right pod behind a Service. It watches the Kubernetes API and sets up routing rules using iptables or IPVS. This enables load balancing within the cluster. Without kube-proxy, internal traffic wouldn’t know where to go. It's the unsung hero of Kubernetes networking. Do add in comments, if you have done something different with Kube-proxy. #Kubernetes #DevOps #CloudNative #kubeproxy #Networking #Containers #K8s #TechExplained #PlatformEngineering

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