Context Menu in Android with Example
In Android, there are three types of menus available to define a set of options and actions in the Android apps. Here in this article let's discuss the detail of the Context Menu. In Android, the context menu is like a floating menu and arises when the user has long-pressed or clicked on an item and is beneficial for implementing functions that define the specific content or reference frame effect. The Android context menu is alike to the right-click menu in Windows or Linux. In the Android system, the context menu provides actions that change a specific element or context frame in the user interface and one can provide a context menu for any view. The context menu will not support any object shortcuts and object icons.
A sample GIF is given below to get an idea about what we are going to do in this article.
-(1).gif)
Step By Step Implementation
Step 1: Create a New Project in Android Studio
To create a new project in Android Studio please refer to How to Create/Start a New Project in Android Studio.
The code for that has been given in both Java and Kotlin Programming Language for Android.
Step 2: Working with the XML Files
Open res > Layout > activity_main.xml and write the following code. In this file add only a TextView to display a simple text.
activity_main.xml:
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@color/white"
android:id="@+id/main"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Long press me!"
android:textSize="20sp"
android:textStyle="bold"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.4" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
Design UI:
Step 3: Working with the MainActivity file
Open the app > Java > Package > Mainactivity.kt file. In this step, add the code to show the ContextMenu. Whenever the app will start make a long click on a text and display the number of options to select of them for specific purposes. Comments are added inside the code to understand the code in more detail.
MainActivity File:
package org.geeksforgeeks.demo;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private TextView textView;
private ConstraintLayout layout;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// Link objects with their respective IDs from the XML file
textView = findViewById(R.id.textView);
layout = findViewById(R.id.main);
// Register a view for the context menu
registerForContextMenu(textView);
}
@Override
public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
// Set menu header title
menu.setHeaderTitle("Choose a color");
// Add menu items
menu.add(0, v.getId(), 0, "Yellow");
menu.add(0, v.getId(), 0, "Gray");
menu.add(0, v.getId(), 0, "Cyan");
}
@Override
public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
String title = item.getTitle().toString();
switch (title) {
case "Yellow":
layout.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW);
break;
case "Gray":
layout.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);
break;
case "Cyan":
layout.setBackgroundColor(Color.CYAN);
break;
}
return true;
}
}
package org.geeksforgeeks.demo
import android.graphics.Color
import android.os.Bundle
import android.view.ContextMenu
import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo
import android.view.MenuItem
import android.view.View
import android.widget.TextView
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private lateinit var textView: TextView
private lateinit var layout: ConstraintLayout
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
// Link those objects with their respective
// id's that we have given in .XML file
textView = findViewById(R.id.textView)
layout = findViewById(R.id.main)
// here you have to register a view for context
// menu you can register any view like listview,
// image view, textview, button etc
registerForContextMenu(textView)
}
override fun onCreateContextMenu(menu: ContextMenu, v: View, menuInfo: ContextMenuInfo?) {
super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo)
// you can set menu header with title icon etc
menu.setHeaderTitle("Choose a color")
// add menu items
menu.add(0, v.id, 0, "Yellow")
menu.add(0, v.id, 0, "Gray")
menu.add(0, v.id, 0, "Cyan")
}
// menu item select listener
override fun onContextItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {
if (item.title === "Yellow")
layout.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW)
else if (item.title === "Gray")
layout.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY)
else if (item.title === "Cyan")
layout.setBackgroundColor(Color.CYAN)
return true
}
}
Output:
Now connect the device with a USB cable or in an Emulator and launch the application. The user will see a text. Now long pressing on the text will generate menu options and select one of them to perform specific functionality.
