book

iOS 15 Programming Fundamentals with Swift

by Matt Neuburg

October 2021

Intermediate to advanced

786 pages

21h 17m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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Preface
The Scope of This BookFrom the Preface to the First Edition (Programming iOS 4)VersionsAcknowledgmentsConventions Used in This BookUsing Code ExamplesO’Reilly Online LearningHow to Contact Us
I. Language
1. The Architecture of Swift
Ground of BeingEverything Is an Object?Three Flavors of Object TypeVariablesFunctionsThe Structure of a Swift FileScope and LifetimeObject MembersNamespacesModulesInstancesWhy Instances?The Keyword selfPrivacyDesign
2. Functions
Function Parameters and Return ValueVoid Return Type and ParametersFunction SignatureExternal Parameter NamesOverloadingDefault Parameter ValuesVariadic ParametersIgnored ParametersModifiable ParametersCalling Objective-C with Modifiable ParametersCalled by Objective-C with Modifiable ParametersReference Type Modifiable ParametersFunction in FunctionRecursionFunction as ValueAnonymous FunctionsUsing Anonymous Functions InlineAnonymous Function Abbreviated SyntaxDefine-and-CallClosuresHow Closures Improve CodeFunction Returning FunctionClosure Setting a Captured VariableClosure Preserving Captured EnvironmentEscaping ClosuresCapture ListsCurried FunctionsFunction References and SelectorsFunction Reference ScopeSelectors
3. Variables and Simple Types
Variable Scope and LifetimeVariable DeclarationComputed Variable InitializationComputed VariablesComputed PropertiesProperty WrappersSetter ObserversLazy InitializationSingletonLazy Initialization of Instance PropertiesBuilt-In Simple TypesBoolNumbersStringCharacter and String IndexRangeTupleOptional
4. Object Types
Object Type Declarations and FeaturesInitializersPropertiesMethodsSubscriptsNested Object TypesEnumsRaw ValuesAssociated ValuesEnum Case IterationEnum InitializersEnum PropertiesEnum MethodsWhy Enums?StructsStruct InitializersStruct PropertiesStruct MethodsClassesValue Types and Reference TypesSubclass and SuperclassClass InitializersClass DeinitializerClass PropertiesStatic/Class MembersPolymorphismCastingCasting DownType Testing and Casting Down SafelyType Testing and Casting OptionalsBridging to Objective-CType ReferencesFrom Instance to TypeFrom self to TypeType as ValueSummary of Type TerminologyComparing TypesProtocolsWhy Protocols?Adopting a Library ProtocolProtocol Type Testing and CastingDeclaring a ProtocolProtocol CompositionClass ProtocolsOptional Protocol MembersImplicitly Required InitializersExpressible by LiteralGenericsGeneric DeclarationsType ConstraintsExplicit SpecializationGeneric Types and CovarianceAssociated Type ChainsWhere ClausesExtensionsExtending ProtocolsExtending GenericsUmbrella TypesAnyAnyObjectAnyClassCollection TypesArrayDictionarySetOrderedSet and OrderedDictionary
5. Flow Control and More
Flow ControlBranchingLoopsJumpingPrivacyPrivate and FileprivatePublic and OpenPrivacy RulesIntrospectionOperatorsMemory ManagementMemory Management of Reference TypesExclusive Access to Value TypesMiscellaneous Swift Language FeaturesSynthesized Protocol ImplementationsKey PathsInstance as FunctionDynamic MembershipProperty WrappersCustom String InterpolationReverse GenericsResult BuildersResult
6. Structured Concurrency
MultithreadingThe Main ThreadBackground ThreadsAsynchronous CodeStructured Concurrency Syntaxasync/awaitAsync ContextsTasksWrapping a Completion HandlerMultiple Concurrent Tasksasync letTask GroupsAsynchronous SequencesBuilt-in Asynchronous SequencesMaking an Asynchronous SequenceAsynchronous Sequence MethodsActorsActor IsolationActor SerializationThe Main ActorContext SwitchingImplicit Context SwitchingExplicit Context SwitchingMore About TasksTask PriorityThe Current TaskSleepingYieldingCancellationMore About ActorsReentrancyThe Keyword nonisolatedThe Keyword isolatedGlobal ActorsSendable
II. IDE
7. Anatomy of an Xcode Project
New ProjectThe Project WindowThe Navigator PaneThe Inspector PaneThe EditorProject File and DependentsContents of the Project FolderGroupsThe TargetBuild PhasesBuild SettingsConfigurationsSchemes and DestinationsFrom Project to Built AppBuild SettingsProperty List SettingsNib FilesResourcesCode FilesFrameworks and SDKsSwift PackagesThe App Launch ProcessThe Entry PointHow an App Gets GoingApp Without a StoryboardRenaming Parts of a Project

8. Nib Files
The Nib Editor InterfaceDocument OutlineCanvasInspectorsLoading a NibLoading a View Controller NibLoading a Main View NibLoading a View Nib ManuallyConnectionsOutletsThe Nib OwnerAutomatically Configured NibsMisconfigured OutletsDeleting an OutletMore Ways to Create OutletsOutlet CollectionsAction ConnectionsMore Ways to Create ActionsMisconfigured ActionsConnections Between Nibs — Not!Additional Configuration of Nib-Based Instances
9. Documentation
The Documentation WindowClass Documentation PagesQuick HelpDocumenting Frameworks and PackagesSymbol DeclarationsHeader FilesSample CodeInternet Resources
10. Life Cycle of a Project
Environmental DependenciesConditional CompilationBuild ActionPermissible Runtime EnvironmentBackward CompatibilityDevice TypeArguments and Environment VariablesVersion ControlEditing and Navigating Your CodeText Editing PreferencesMultiple SelectionCode Completion and PlaceholdersSnippetsRefactoring and Code ActionsFix-it and Live Syntax CheckingNavigationFindingRunning in the SimulatorDebuggingCaveman DebuggingThe Xcode DebuggerTestingUnit TestsInterface TestsTest PlansMassaging the ReportCleanRunning on a DeviceObtaining a Developer Program MembershipSigning an AppAutomatic SigningManual SigningRunning the AppManaging Development Certificates and DevicesProfilingGaugesMemory DebuggingInstrumentsLocalizationCreating Localized ContentTesting LocalizationDistributionMaking an ArchiveThe Distribution CertificateThe Distribution ProfileDistribution for TestingFinal App PreparationsScreenshots and Video PreviewsProperty List SettingsSubmission to the App Store
III. Cocoa
11. Cocoa Classes
SubclassingCategories and ExtensionsHow Swift Uses ExtensionsHow You Use ExtensionsHow Cocoa Uses CategoriesProtocolsOptional MembersInformal ProtocolsSome Foundation ClassesNSRangeNSNotFoundNSString and FriendsNSDate and FriendsNSNumberNSValueNSDataNSMeasurement and FriendsEquality, Hashability, and ComparisonNSArray and NSMutableArrayNSDictionary and NSMutableDictionaryNSSet and FriendsNSIndexSetNSNullImmutable and MutableProperty ListsCodableAccessors, Properties, and Key–Value CodingSwift AccessorsKey–Value CodingHow Outlets WorkCocoa Key PathsUses of Key–Value CodingKeyPath NotationThe Secret Life of NSObject
12. Cocoa Events
Reasons for EventsSubclassingNotificationsReceiving a NotificationUnregisteringSubscribing to a NotificationPosting a NotificationTimerDelegationCocoa DelegationImplementing DelegationData SourcesActionsThe Responder ChainNil-Targeted ActionsKey–Value ObservingRegistration and NotificationUnregisteringKey–Value Observing ExampleSwamped by EventsDelayed Performance
13. Memory Management
Principles of Cocoa Memory ManagementRules of Cocoa Memory ManagementWhat ARC Is and What It DoesHow Cocoa Objects Manage MemoryAutorelease PoolMemory Management of Instance PropertiesRetain Cycles and Weak ReferencesUnusual Memory Management SituationsNotification ObserversKVO ObserversTimersOther Unusual SituationsMemory Management of CFTypeRefsProperty Memory Management PoliciesDebugging Memory Management Mistakes
14. Communication Between Objects
Visibility Through an Instance PropertyVisibility by InstantiationGetting a ReferenceVisibility by RelationshipGlobal VisibilityNotifications and Key–Value ObservingThe Combine FrameworkAlternative ArchitecturesModel–View–ControllerRouter and Data SpaceModel–View–PresenterProtocols and Reactive ProgrammingSwiftUIResult Builders and ModifiersState PropertiesBindingsPassing Data DownhillPassing Data UphillCustom State Objects
A. C, Objective-C, and Swift
The C LanguageC Data TypesC EnumsC StructsC PointersC ArraysC StringsC FunctionsObjective-CObjective-C Objects and C PointersObjective-C Objects and Swift ObjectsExposure of Swift to Objective-CBridged Types and Boxed TypesObjective-C MethodsSelectorsCFTypeRefsBlocksAPI MarkupBilingual Targets
Index

Overview

Move into iOS development by getting a firm grasp of its fundamentals, including the Xcode 13 IDE, Cocoa Touch, and the latest version of Apple's acclaimed programming language, Swift 5.5. With this thoroughly updated guide, you'll learn the Swift language, understand Apple's Xcode development tools, and discover the Cocoa framework.

Explore Swift's object-oriented concepts
Become familiar with built-in Swift types
Dive deep into Swift objects, protocols, and generics
Tour the life cycle of an Xcode project
Learn how nibs are loaded
Understand Cocoa's event-driven design
Communicate with C and Objective-C

In this edition, catch up on the latest iOS programming features:

Structured concurrency: async/await, tasks, and actors
Swift native formatters and attributed strings
Lazy locals and throwing getters
Enhanced collections with the Swift Algorithms and Collections packages
Xcode tweaks: column breakpoints, package collections, and Info.plist build settings
Improvements in Git integration, localization, unit testing, documentation, and distribution
And more!